Informatics Publishing Limited

G. Yamuna ¹, T. Shankar ¹, U. Vanitha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University, 608002, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, E.G.S.Pillai College of Engineering and Technology, Nagapattinam, IN

Abstract

In this paper a Robust Watermarking algorithm using wavelet transform is presented. Protection of digital multimedia content has become an increasingly important issue for content owners and service providers. As watermarking is identified as a major technology to achieve copyright protection, the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is commonly used in recent watermarking schemes because of its growing popularity. In a DWT based scheme, the DWT coefficients are modified with the data that represents the watermark. Modification in all frequencies allows the development of a watermarking scheme that is robust to a wide range of attacks. The proposed method embeds a binary pattern in the form of an image in the HH band at the first level of Discrete Wavelet Transform. The present study suggests a bi-orthogonal wavelet watermarking. The performance of the proposed watermarking algorithm is robust to a variety of attacks.

Keywords

Bi-Orthogonal Wavelet, Non-Blind, Robustness, Watermarking.

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G. Yamuna ¹

Affiliations
1 VRS College of Engineering and Technology, Arasur, Villupuram-607107, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objective: To identify the adverse effect of urbanization on the land use pattern, surface water, groundwater and pollution due to solid waste in the study area by accompanying survey. Method: The environmental impact of urbanization process will be analyzed through the aspects such as urban population, urban land use, solid waste management, surface and ground water hydrology. The rate of urbanization can be predicted using Land Use Data. Using this predicted model, the demand for the water, quantity of solid waste generation, flood prediction, ground water recharge rate, changes in drainage pattern can be obtained. Findings: Leachate should be reduced. Mixing of rain water with water from dumping yard should be reduced. Disposal of carcasses near dumping yard should be prohibited. Disposal of sewage waste in open land should be prohibited. Disposal of sewage in channel water affects the domestic usage of channel water. Expansion of building construction towards the Ullur - Ariyamangalam should be retarded. Due to high wages for agriculture Coolies and poor selling price of paddy, the farmers are pushed to convert the farm land into plots. The farms should be protected. The unused pond should be renovated. Inflow and outflow channels should be deepened and widened. Application: Dust bin should be placed in every street for proper collection of solid waste. Drainage should be laid for the sub main streets too. Husk ash emission should be retarded.

Keywords

Ground Water, Land Use Pattern, Rainfall, Surface Water, Solid Waste Management, Urbanization

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N. Mohananthini ¹, G. Yamuna ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University, IN

Abstract

A multiple color image segmented watermarking scheme based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) is presented. In the proposed approach, the original image is segmented into two sub images, and then the two color watermarks are embedded in the singular values of each sub image separately. In the extraction process the watermarks are extracted from the singular values of the watermarked sub images. The segmentation of multiple watermarking processes makes the watermarks much more robust to the attacks such as noise, filtering, compression, rotation, cropping, translation, sharpening, smoothing, row-column blanking Intensity transformation, and row-column copying. The optimization on segmented watermarking achieves more imperceptibility and robustness.

Keywords

Discrete Wavelet Transforms, Singular Value Decomposition, Segmented Watermarking, Optimization, Genetic Algorithm.

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G. Yamuna ¹, D. Sivakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Copyright protection is considered as an issue of vital significance owing to the escalating utilization of internet and effortless copying, tampering and distribution of digital images. Digital watermarking methodologies are looked upon as a competent tool for safeguarding the digital images from copyright infringements issues. A number of researches in existence deal with copyright protection with the aid of watermarking. Recently, wavelet domain based watermarking ap-proaches are gaining popularity in watermarking researches. In this paper we have proposed a novel watermarking scheme for copyright protection in digital images. The watermarking is performed in wave-let domain using bi-orthogonal wavelet transform. As the proposed approach is non-blind, it requires original image for extracting the watermark. The watermark image is a binary image. The watermark image is embedded in the HH sub-band of the wavelet transformed original image. A Good quality of watermarked image is assured through the proposed scheme from the higher PSNR values which is evident from experimental result.

Keywords

Digital Watermarking, Copyright Protection, Non-Blind, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Bi-Orthogonal.

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P. Vimala ¹, G. Yamuna ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram – 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The objective functions for pilot design to minimize the inter-intra block coherence of sensing matrix. The efficient pilot design strategies was considered for the recovery of block sparse channel in pilot aided Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system using Compressive Sensing (CS) technique Methods: In particular, the pilot design directly influences the construction of sensing matrix in CS Frame work. This paper examines design measure of pilots based on minimizing a weighted sum of the inter and intra block coherence of the equivalent sensing matrix to improve block sparse channel estimation using block sparse CS algorithms. Findings: The multi carrier modulation, OFDM can achieve its benefits over multipath fading channel if Channel coefficients are perfectly estimated at the receiver. Block sparse with varying block size is prevalent in wideband frequency selective channel due to the presence of reflectors in the transmission. The explicit use of channel block sparsity and proper construction of sensing matrix for CS block sparse recovery algorithms yields better reconstruction performance. Applications: The proposed measure of pilot in sensing matrix design for varying block size of block sparse channel significantly outperforms the common inter block coherence along with CS based block sparse recovery algorithm.

Keywords

Channel Estimation, Compressive Sensing, Inter Block Coherence, Intra Block Coherence, Pilot Design

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